1. Axiom of Immutability:
The text states, "None can alter the words of Allah" (6:34, 6:115). This absolute axiom declares divine revelation protected from alteration. Polemically, if prior scriptures are also defined as Allah’s words, this protection must extend to them, contradicting claims of textual corruption.
2. The Conflict of Abrogation:
This immutability stands in direct opposition to the mechanism of abrogation (Naskh). Verses like 2:106 and 16:101 endorse substituting or deleting verses, creating a structural paradox where the text claims to be unalterable yet undergoes internal modification.
3. Pragmatic Evolution:
Historically, this reflects a transition from Mecca to Medina. Early Meccan verses assert a fixed decree to establish authority, while later Medinan verses introduce substitution to adapt to changing political and military realities, compromising universal claims for immediate legislative needs.
The Quran Verses:
Surah 6:34:
...And there is none who can alter the words of Allah...Surah 6:115:
And the word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. None can alter His words, and He is the Hearing, the Knowing.
The Relevant Source Text (Internal Quranic Contradiction):
Surah 2:106:
We do not abrogate a verse or cause it to be forgotten except that We bring forth better than it or similar to it. Do you not know that Allah is over all things competent?Surah 16:101:
And when We substitute a verse in place of a verse - and Allah is most knowing of what He sends down - they say, "You are but an inventor."
Surah 6 lays down a foundational theological rule: NO ONE can alter the words of Allah.
However, as Muhammad's political and military situation changed in Medina, the doctrine of "Naskh" (Abrogation) was introduced.
God supposedly began substituting, deleting, and replacing his own verses (such as changing the direction of prayer from Jerusalem to Mecca, or shifting from peaceful tolerance to military conquest).
To the critical scholar, Surah 6:115 represents the original claim of a fixed divine message, while Surah 2:106 is a later, pragmatic human invention designed to explain away the inconsistencies and changing rules within the expanding text.