The Quran Verse
Surah 7:11:
And We have certainly created you, and given you form. Then We said to the angels, "Prostrate to Adam"; so they prostrated, except for Iblis. He was not of those who prostrated.
The Relevant Source Text (Syriac Apocrypha)
The Cave of Treasures (6th Century AD):
"When the angels saw his [Adam's] glorious appearance, they were greatly moved... And God said to them, 'Prostrate yourselves to him.' And they all prostrated... but the leader of the lower order [Satan] did not prostrate."
This narrative is entirely absent from the Hebrew Bible (Genesis).
In the Bible, worship is reserved for God alone. However, it is a central theme in the Syriac Cave of Treasures and the Life of Adam and Eve.
The Quranic author adopted this 6th-century Christian legend and integrated it into the Quranic origin story, presenting sectarian folklore as divine revelation.