The surah bases its description of God’s dwelling place on a primitive, geocentric architectural model that localizes the transcendent Creator within physical structural boundaries.
Surah 70:3:
[From] Allah, owner of the ways of ascent. (In Arabic: Dhil-Ma'arij)
The Cosmological Flaw: The title "Dhil-Ma'arij" translates literally to the Owner of the Physical Ladders, Flights of Stairs, or Structural Ascents. Classical commentaries (Tafsir Ibn Kathir) state that these are literal physical stairways or tiers through which angels must mechanically climb to traverse the lower heavens to reach the divine throne.
This reflects the ancient, flat-earth Mesopotamian mythology of a multi-layered dome sky containing physical traps, gates, and staircases. Modern astrophysics has proven that outer space is a continuous, fluid vacuum governed by gravitational mechanics and spacetime curvature, not a series of rigid celestial platforms requiring structural ladders.