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Mary as "Sister of Aaron": When Mary brings the baby Jesus to her people, they challenge her virtue and identify her by reference to the family of the Exodus prophet.
Surah 19:28 - "O sister of Aaron, your father was not a man of evil, nor was your mother unchaste."
Mary, mother of Jesus, is clearly not the biological sister of Aaron, the brother of Moses. To call her the "sister of Aaron" suggests either a direct genealogical link (placing her in the ancient Levitical family) or a significant chronological error that confuses her with the ancient Miriam, the sister of Aaron and Moses.
The Quran also explicitly identifies the mother of Jesus as the daughter of the Old Testament figure 'Imran (Amram).
Surah 66:12 - "And Mary, the daughter of 'Imran"
By calling Mary the "Daughter of 'Imran," the Quran places her in the immediate nuclear family of the Exodus, which occurred approximately 1,500 years before her birth.
If "Sister of Aaron" was merely an idiomatic title for "descendant," it would be highly unlikely for the text to also name her father as 'Imran. The text is identifying the Mother of Jesus as the literal sister of Moses and Aaron.
Nowhere in Jewish or Christian history prior to the 7th century is Mary, the mother of Jesus, associated with a father named 'Imran/Amram. Amram is also of the tribe of Levi (Priestly) and Jesus was of the tribe of Judah.
The author of the Qur'an conflated the two Miriams—the sister of the first High Priest (Aaron) and the mother of the Great High Priest (Jesus)—without realizing that doing so destroyed the very tribal lineage required for the Messiah to be valid under Jewish Law.